Data security software safeguards digital data from unauthorised access, theft, or manipulation. It includes a variety of tools and technologies, including encryption monitoring, logging, and data loss prevention. It also includes policies, procedures and tools to deal with data breaches or hacks.
Cybercriminals are not the only threat that affects security of data, but human error remains the most frequent cause of breaches. This is why tools for protecting data contain tools that can spot the possibility of errors, such as placing sensitive files on shared drives or opening the wrong email attachments.
Limiting physical access to storage devices and servers is a further important aspect of data security. Physical measures can be as simple as requiring employees log into a company building however, they should also include labeling and securing equipment so that only authorized employees can access it. This is especially important for a cloud-based data center in which the physical space may be completely out of your hands.
Data security solutions can protect data in transit and at rest by encrypting information so that only people with the correct key can read it. This is typically utilized in conjunction with firewalls, intrusion prevention or detection systems (IDS/IPS) and network-based identification systems.
One security measure that is often ignored is user behavior analytics. This establishes baselines for normal behavior and also detects abnormalities that could indicate unauthorised access. This feature is often used in monitoring solutions for data warehouses, relational databases and big data.
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